Analysis of COVID-19 model under Caputo fractional derivative with case study of Algeria

Abstract This research article examines the local existence and uniqueness of solutions to a fractional-order susceptible-exposed-infectious-quarantined-recovered-deceased-protected differential system modeling the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic in Algeria. The authors leverage fixed point theory within the framework of partial metric spaces to prove the existence and uniqueness of the solutions to the derived fractional differential equations comprising the SEIQRDP model. Their approach provides a theoretical basis for establishing the validity of the fractional-order Covid-19 epidemic model using fixed point theory in partial metric spaces. The fractional-order SEIQRDP model is verified through numerical simulations and graphical demonstrations specifically for Algeria’s Covid-19 outbreak to validate the theoretical results. The numerical solutions illustrate how the susceptible, exposed, infectious, quarantined, recovered, deceased and protected populations in Algeria evolve over time under different parameters of the mathematical model, offering decision makers valuable insights for formulating effective mitigation strategies tailored to Algeria’s Covid-19 crisis. The numerical and graphical demonstrations demonstrate that the fractional-order SEIQRDP model can adequately capture the distinctive characteristics of Algeria’s Covid-19 propagation dynamics. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 26A33 · 34A12 · 54H25.