Adaptive Array Beamforming Using an Enhanced RLS Algorithm

In recent times, the use of Smart Antennas (SAs) in wireless communication systems has greatly increased. This is because of their ability to increase the coverage and capacity of a communication network. There are two main functions which SAs can perform. The first one is to ensure that the signal has a proper direction of arrival (DOA) and the second function is to achieve the desired beamforming goals. That is, the SAs can produce the main beams towards a desired user and null the beam in the direction of interfering signals at the same time. They are able to achieve this by the use of beamforming algorithms. The performance of an enhanced Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm which takes into account an enhanced gain factor has been evaluated in this paper for adaptive array beamforming. Simulation results have shown that the enhanced RLS algorithm reduces a mean square error (MSE), smoothens a filter output and improves the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). The impact of these results can imply an increased range of beamforming and directivity of the smart antenna over a long range communication network.