Institutional realities and the transformative potential of AI in ESP instruction: Mohamed First University in Oujda as a case study

The demand for specialized language skills in the labor market is increasingly rapid, thereby it makes the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into English for Specific Purposes (ESP) programs in higher education vital. This study examines opportunities and challenges of AI adoption at Mohammed First University (UMP) in Oujda. A qualitative approach was used. Data were collected through professor interviews via Google form. As the results of the analysis, it shows, first, that infrastructural gaps and limited teacher training remain major barriers to effective AI use. Second, AI tools proffer strong potential to support personalized learning and improve professional communication skills. According to the research findings, it indicates both the promise and the constraints of AI integration in ESP. Drawing on the evidence presented, the study concludes that institutional investment, faculty development, and clear policies are needed. Such measures therefore will ensure that AI adoption strengthens curriculum design and prepares students for academic and professional demands.