Mapping the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: A Content Analysis

This paper examines the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education through a qualitative content analysis of a purposive sample of 20 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2020 and 2025. The study identifies dominant research themes, methodological approaches, and emerging trends while highlighting gaps in current scholarship. AI technologies, particularly generative AI, have increasingly influenced teaching, learning, assessment, and institutional management. Five primary themes were identified: AI-supported teaching and learning, assessment and academic integrity, AI literacy and professional development, ethical and governance considerations, and equity and access issues. Findings indicate that while pedagogical applications dominate the literature, governance, equity, and policy-related aspects remain underexplored. The paper provides an integrative overview of current research and offers recommendations for both scholars and institutional policymakers in adopting AI responsibly.