Perceptions of South African small-scale farmers towards the adoption of smart irrigation technologies

Background: South Africa’s agricultural issues include water scarcity, unpredictable climate conditions and the degradation of soil. Considering the crucial importance of food and water as commodities, farmers must carefully conserve water while maintaining food security. Objectives: This study aims to determine the elements that influence farmers’ readiness to use smart irrigation technology and to evaluate their perception regarding their adoption. Method: Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 53 South African small-scale farmers from Gauteng and North-West provinces and analysed using interpretive approaches. Results: The findings reveal a cautious, but hopeful assessment of smart irrigation technologies, with significant perceived benefits such as water conservation, increased agricultural production and cost savings. Challenges such as high start-up costs, technological awareness, maintenance concerns and Internet connectivity prevent the adoption. Conclusion: Financial subsidies, extensive training programmes, farming community engagement projects and collaborations with technology suppliers are all suggested as ways to encourage the adoption of smart irrigation technologies. Contribution: The study adds to the literature on technology adoption by increasing understanding of the elements that influence farmers’ readiness for adopting smart irrigation technologies and by highlighting socio-economic and technological challenges.