Review of: "Integrated Determinants of Persistent Wild Poliovirus Transmission in Pakistan and Afghanistan: The Roles of Cross-Border Mobility, Hard-to-Reach Populations, and Micro-Transmission Hotspots, 2010-2025"

This manuscript presents a scoping review (2010-2025) examining determinants of persistent WPV1 transmission in Pakistan and Afghanistan.It integrates genomic evidence, environmental surveillance, immunity gaps, micro-transmission hotspots, and operational constraints to argue that the two countries function as a single epidemiological block.The topic is of clear global health importance, and the integrative framing is timely and policy-relevant.The manuscript is well organized and coherent.The four-domain synthesis (cross-border mobility, immunity gaps, localized hotspots, operational constraints) provides a structured and accessible Qeios qeios.