Managing cultural differences in digital interpersonal communication

Understanding Cultural Differences in Digital Interpersonal Communication. In an increasingly globalised and technologically mediated world, understanding cultural differences in digital interpersonal communication is vital. In this study, a systematic literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 protocol. This study aims to examine the influence of cultural diversity on communication in digital environments and propose strategies for effective management. In this regard, 52 empirical studies published between 2000 and 2025 were included in the analysis. The results reveal that digital environments facilitate cultural diversity while simultaneously amplifying communicational ambiguity. In this regard, this study extends the applicability of Social Information Processing (SIP) Theory and Anxiety/Uncertainty Management (AUM) Theory to unpack and understand digital environments. The study found that digital communication is based on understanding the communicated messages and is influenced by individuals’ ability to manage anxiety and uncertainty. Moreover, the results reveal that communicational issues are not limited to interpersonal relationships but are deeply embedded in institutional and structural factors. As a result, the study proposed an integrative framework on how culture impacts digital interpersonal communication by considering various factors such as contextual (macro) conditions, communication, psychological mediation, moderating capabilities, and outcomes, including interpersonal skills, technological skills, and institutional support structures to promote inclusive and effective digital communication. In this regard, the main contribution of this study is to extend SIP and AUM theories to digital intercultural communication and to emphasise the importance of a Global South perspective. It also provides strategies that may be useful in other academic, policymaking, and educational practices.