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Understanding barriers and facilitators to doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis adherence among young women in western kenya: a qualitative study

Article scientifique 2025 Anglais

Résumé

Sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates are high globally, particularly in regions like sub-Saharan Africa, where there is also a disproportionate burden of HIV. Doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxyPEP) is a novel strategy intended to prevent bacterial STIs following potential exposure. The dPEP Kenya Study, the first trial of doxyPEP for STI prevention among cisgender women, found that doxyPEP did not reduce STIs in the setting of low use of doxyPEP by objective drug concentrations. To assess barriers and facilitators to doxyPEP adherence, we explored participants' experiences during the dPEP Kenya Study. We conducted serial in-depth interviews (n = 40) and 4 focus group discussions (n = 29) of participants randomized to take doxyPEP. Transcripts were analyzed using an inductive content analysis approach. Side effects, such as nausea from taking doxyPEP on an empty stomach, dosage interpretation challenges, pill burden, and concerns about stigma and partner reactions hindered adherence. Support from partners, family, and peers, familiarity with doxycycline, and the use of discreet pill carriers facilitated doxyPEP use. Decreasing dosage frequency, promoting the use of discreet pill carriers, and addressing stigma through community-driven communication strategies may improve future doxyPEP uptake and adherence. Clinical trial number. This trial was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov under registration number, NCT04050540 on 06th August 2019.

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Kwach, B., Kwena, Z., Violette, L. R., Rono, B., Odoyo, J., Oware, K., Bukusi, E. A., Baeten, J. M., Mkandawire‐Valhmu, L., Stewart, J., Team, D. K. S., Odira, A., Ochwal, P., Adiema, L., Hewa, M., Akumu, E. K., Aswani, L., Juma, L., Kwach, V., Mogaka, F., Momanyi, V., Obiero, A., Okumu, L., Omollo, V., Otieno, C., Rota, G., Amira, J. M., Quame-Amaglo, J., Barnabas, R., Baugh, J., Boyer, J., Celum, C., Cicciarella, K., Donnell, D., Hamilton, D., Haugen, H., Johnson, R. E., Maddox, T. M., McClelland, R. S., Morrison, S. A., Pappajohn, C. S., Rechkina, E., Scoville, C., Sesay, T., Soge, O. O., Thomas, K., Simoni, J., & Venegas, V. V. (2025). Understanding barriers and facilitators to doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis adherence among young women in western kenya: a qualitative study. BMC Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-11209-6

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Auteur(s)

Benn Kwach Zachary Kwena Lauren R. Violette Bernard Rono Josephine Odoyo Kevin Oware Elizabeth A. Bukusi Jared M. Baeten Lucy Mkandawire‐Valhmu Jenell Stewart dPEP Kenya Study Team Alfred Odira Perez Ochwal Lydia Adiema Marion Hewa Elizabeth Koyo Akumu Linda Aswani Lawrence Juma Violet Kwach Felix Mogaka Vincent Momanyi Alfred Obiero Loice Okumu Victor Omollo Christine Otieno Greshon Rota Jacqueline M. Amira Justice Quame-Amaglo Ruanne Barnabas Jennifer Baugh Jade Boyer Connie Celum Kristin Cicciarella Deborah Donnell Daphne Hamilton Harald Haugen Rachel E. Johnson Toni M. Maddox R. Scott McClelland Susan A. Morrison Colin S. Pappajohn Elena Rechkina Caitlin Scoville Tina Sesay Olusegun O. Soge Kathy Thomas Jane Simoni Vianey Vazquez Venegas

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