Evaluating the impact of Community-Based Sociotherapy on social dignity in post-genocide Rwanda: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Community-Based Sociotherapy (CBS) is an approach that was introduced in Rwanda in 2005, with the aim of improving psychosocial well-being among its participants and facilitating reconciliation processes. Over the years, CBS has been adapted contextually and the effectiveness of the approach has been measured in different ways, using qualitative and quantitative study designs. This study specifically assesses the effectiveness of CBS in terms of fostering the social dignity of participants as the primary outcome. METHODS/DESIGN: A cluster randomized controlled trial design with person-level outcomes whereas the CBS treatment is delivered at the cluster level. A total of 1200 eligible participants will be randomly assigned to two groups in a 1:1 ratio. Participants in the intervention group will receive the CBS intervention, while the control group will be waitlisted. The primary outcome measure is a self-designed and psychometrically validated Social Dignity Scale. The secondary outcome measures will be the WHO (Five) Well-Being Index (WHO-5), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), the Self-reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and the perceived parental self-efficacy scale. The primary analysis will be performed following an intention to treat analysis, using generalized estimating equation modeling. DISCUSSION: We expect this cluster randomized controlled trial to provide insight into the effectiveness of CBS on social dignity and secondary psychosocial outcomes among its group participants, who have different socio-historical backgrounds including genocide survivors, perpetrators, bystanders and their descendants, people in conflicts (family/community), and local leaders. This study will inform CBS implementers, policymakers, practitioners, and other stakeholders on the role of social dignity in interventions that focus on psychosocial healing. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN ISRCTN11199072. It was registered on 2 April 2022.