Dissipation of mechanical energy over spillway through counter flow

A reversed flow in form of cross-jet serves for dissipation of the energy of flow after spillway. Parameters influencing characteristics of hydraulic jump are systematically investigated via a physical model. The obtained results reveal that the reversed flow can speed up the transition from supercritical to subcritical flow by creating a forced hydraulic jump and, consequently, by shortening the protection length needed to counter scouring problems downstream of the channel, since the length of hydraulic jump is reduced by 19%. The efficiency of such energy dissipation methods can have a significant impact on the overall construction cost of hydraulic structures.