Application of Binomial Models on the Determinants of Hypertension Patients in Haramaya Woreda, Eastern Hararghe, Ethiopia

Abstract Introduction: Hypertension is along with a medical condition, in which the blood pressure in the arteries is high, which is a major health problem in the community. The main aim of the study was to assess the determinants associated with patients who experienced hypertension in Haramaya Woreda using a binomial model. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted to assess the associated factors of hypertension patients’ complications in the Haramaya Hospital, Eastern Hararghe zone from December 1st to 30th, 2020. Data were statistically analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version-23 (SPSS Inc., USA). A sample of 1417 respondents having hypertension chronic disease was included. Statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, chi-square test of association, and binomial regression were used to summarize and interpret the hypertension patients’ dataset and a 5% level of significance was also used as a baseline comparison. Results: Both chi-square test of association and binomial model revealed that age group, gender, residence, presence of diabetes mellitus and congestive heart failure were significantly associated with hypertension patients at a 5% level of significance. Multivariable binomial regression model indicated that an estimated odd ratio(OR) with 95% confidence interval were age group of 21-30year3.502(95%CI=1.310-9.361),31-40year6.108(95%CI=2.364-15.782),41-50year 11.070(95%CI=4.276-28.661), 51-60 year 12.530(95% CI=4.890-32.107) and greater than 60 years 12.713(95%CI=4.827-33.482), being male (OR=1.859; 95%CI=1.320-2.617), living in rural (OR=0.545. 95%CI=0.381-0.778).The presence of diabetes mellitus (OR=0.028, 95%CI=0.019-0.040), and congestive heart failure (OR=0.017, 95%CI=0.009-0.032) are associated risk factors of hypertension patients. Conclusions: The main hypertension risk factors were age category, gender, residence, having diabetes mellitus, and congestive heart failure (p=0.0001). Those were significantly associated with hypertension in both the chi-square test of association and binomial model. To predict the participants being a hypertensive binomial model with logit link function best fit the dataset.