Neurotherapeutic Potential Of Moringa Oleifera Leaves: A Review Of Preclinical Evidence From Rodent And Drosophila Melanogaster Ischemia Models

Ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of long-term disability globally, with locomotor deficits, gait asymmetry, and balance dysfunction posing significant challenges to functional recovery. Existing treatment strategies offer limited functional recovery, creating a need for complementary neurotherapeutic options. Moringa oleifera leaves are rich in bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and isothiocyanates, and have multifaceted neurotherapeutic properties. Preclinical studies in rodent and Drosophila melanogaster models show mechanisms through which Moringa oleifera leaves exert neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroplasticity-inducing effects. Moringa oleifera leaves have been shown to reduce infarct volume, improve neurobehavior, and modify acetylcholinesterase activity, all of which enhance motor recovery in the existing literature. Despite promising findings, most studies are limited by small sample sizes, reliance on pretreatment models, and a lack of human trials and standardised protocols. Critically, the absence of human clinical trials restricts immediate translational application. This review aims to guide future research to prioritise well-designed controlled studies to establish the efficacy, safety, and optimal dosing of Moringa oleifera leaves for neurotherapeutic potential in ischemic stroke patients.