Impact of Microorganisms on Climate Change: A Review

Biosphere Reserves all over the world are areas that are deliberately and purposely kept to promote green economy and most importantly mitigate the effect of Global warming and climate change. The problems of climate change arise from the higher concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere which exert a warming effect on the earth. Control of anthropogenic sources and greenhouse gases are constantly discussed and extensively researched in this matter, while the significance of microorganisms remained neglected. Although microorganisms have a contributory effect in global warming as in the case of methanogenes in the rumen of ruminants which have been implicated to increase the environmental methane gases during digestion, the role they play in converting greenhouse gas to a useable form in the soil and water hence, reducing global warming cannot be over emphasized. The current review aimed to stress the neglected global importance of microorganisms in climate change. Overall, this review further support the key role biosphere reserves play in protecting soil and plant microorganisms in response to climate change control.