Neodymium magnetic field meets nanocatalysis: a sustainable route to novel azines and condensed heterocycles

Abstract A sustainable and effective approach for manufacturing heterocyclic compounds was established utilizing Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in the presence of a neodymium static magnetic field (about 9000 G). Pyrimidine, benzimidazole, quinoxaline, and benzodiazepine derivatives were swiftly synthesized at ambient temperature with excellent efficiency; no reaction transpired in the absence of a magnetic field. TEM and VSM investigations validated nanoscale dimensions (9–50 nm) and robust magnetic characteristics, facilitating efficient catalysis and straightforward recovery. The produced compounds were validated using FT-IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and elemental analysis. The technology markedly decreased reaction time, reduced energy consumption, eliminated hazardous chemicals, and offers a sustainable pathway for synthesizing physiologically relevant heterocycles.