Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency, associated factors, and correlation with CD4 count among HIV-positive adults at Kayunga Regional Referral Hospital, Central Uganda
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Mohamed Jayte, Mai Abdalla Ali, Abdifatah Hersi Karshe
BACKGROUND: Vitamin B12 deficiency is a common but under-recognized comorbidity among HIV-infected individuals, contributing to anemia, neurological impairment, and poor immune recovery. In sub-Saharan Africa, …
Seasonal mass vaccination with R21/Matrix-M for malaria elimination (SERVAL): protocol of the cluster randomised trial
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Edgard Dabira, Hamtandi Magloire Natama, Fatou Jaiteh
INTRODUCTION: Progress in malaria control has stalled since 2015, highlighting the need for new control tools. The R21/Matrix-M (R21) malaria vaccine, a pre-erythrocytic vaccine recently …
Post-traumatic acute Marjolin ulcer with a short latency period in a young man: a case report
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Betty Kaitira, Mariam Uledi, Alex Mashaka
BACKGROUND: Marjolin ulcer was first mentioned by Celsius in the first century as a malignant transformation of burn scars, which can be caused by chronic …
Biting time of day in malaria mosquitoes is modulated by nutritional status
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Catherine E. Oke, Samuel S. C. Rund, Maxwell G. Machani
BACKGROUND: Transmission of vector-borne pathogens follows daily rhythms, occurring at the time of day that vectors forage for blood. Control measures, such as insecticide-treated bed …
“We are outside, not inside”: Refugee women’s life stories of transition through language and literacy
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Leila Kajee
Globally, nearly 120 million people are displaced, placing immense pressure on countries like South Africa to integrate refugees. Although the South African Constitution grants refugees’ …
The Influence of Pedestrian Circulation Strategies on User Experience in Train Terminals
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Adedapo Adewunmi Oluwatayo, Millicent Eberechukwu Nzeh
Global urbanisation is evident in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially Nigeria, where the population has steadily increased by 3.2% annually.This increment necessitates the adoption of sustainable public …
Population structure and antibiotic resistance profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Ibadan, Nigeria (2019–2020): a pilot study to improve affordable molecular diagnostic tools
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Elsy Carvajal, Samantha Escandón, Pelumi Daniel Adewole
Nigeria ranks as the sixth country globally and the first in Africa with the highest burden of tuberculosis (TB) infection. The emergence and spread of …
Breeding practices and trait preferences among smallholder cattle keepers in Somalia: a participatory survey
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Daha Hussein Mumin, Sadia Salal Mohamed, Muhammad Abdullahi
Somali smallholders depend on four indigenous cattle ecotypes; however, their breeding decisions have never been quantified. We conducted a participatory cross-sectional survey of 320 households …
Closing the loop: crop yield response and soil health implications of human excreta-derived fertilizer application in dryland agriculture
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William Musazura, Nqobile Nkomo, Benton Otieno
Introduction Human excreta-derived fertilizers, such as sewage sludge-based co-compost and urine, offer a potential pathway to improve soil fertility and crop productivity in dryland agriculture …
Peer education strategies validated through Delphi at an urban university in KwaZulu-Natal
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Thobile I. Zulu, Robert T. Netangaheni
Background: Peer education is vital in higher education because it promotes behavioural change, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention, student wellness and academic success. However, limited …
Enhancing public-sector entrepreneurship: Evidence from Zimbabwean parastatals
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Leslie Ncube, Ntandoyenkosi Sibindi
Background: Public-sector entrepreneurship is increasingly recognised as a key driver of innovation and performance in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). However, many SOEs face challenges such as …
Use of physical activity by occupational therapists and speech-language therapists in KwaZulu-Natal
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Onika Makaula, Ntandoyenkosi L. Msomi, Andrew Ross
BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) plays an important role in rehabilitation by promoting emotional well-being, functional independence, and both physical and cognitive recovery. Although its application …
Dual intimate partner violence among women in sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Zambia and Zimbabwe
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Keatlegile Moses Eskia Mabena, Karabo Mhele, Wandile Fundo Tsabedze
BACKGROUND: Previous research explored the risk factors associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) in the sub-Saharan region, there is a notable paucity of studies addressing …
Prevalence and associated factors of mental distress among private college nursing students in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023
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Agegnehu Amare, Niguse Yigzaw, Bizuneh Tesfaye
Background: Mental distress (MD) refers to a range of troubling, confusing, or unusual internal experiences and symptoms that affect more than 25% of people during …
Deep learning model for diagnosing lupus erythematosus in cardiac patients using ECG and audio spectrograms
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Atef F. Hashem, Abdirashid M. Yousuf, Ahmed Hassan
Individuals with both Lupus Erythematosus and pre-existing heart conditions are more likely to develop severe symptoms, emphasizing the complex and not fully understood interaction between …
Does financial compensation matter for research participation in prevention trials in Tanzania? Perspectives of healthy volunteers
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Raymond Athanas, Heavenlight A. Paulo, Gasto Frumence
BACKGROUND: Financial compensation is an important aspect of respect for people enrolled in clinical research, yet continues to raise ethical questions. Respondents' characteristics, shaped by …
Diabetes-related distress and associated factors among adult diabetes mellitus patients attending public hospitals in Gedio zone, southern Ethiopia: Mediation analysis
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Alem Bayable, Atirsaw Shimekaw, Edom Gebremedhin
BACKGROUND: Individuals with diabetes might experience distress due to their treatment regimen, interactions with physicians, interpersonal relationships, and emotional well-being. This may lead to lower …
Urban pearl millet farmers’ perceptions of climate change and adaptation strategies in Niamey commune V, the Sahel
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Gnanki Mariam Lafia N‘ Gobi, Moussa Soulé, Hamidou Falalou
Climate variability in the Niamey region presents a dual-faceted challenge. Yet most studies focus on broader farming systems. This study investigated the climate change perceptions …
Chroococcus turigidus, a novel cyanobacterial source for l-sparaginase production
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Reham Gamal, Esmail M. El‐Fakharany, Khaled N. M. Elsayed
Abstract The anti-leukemic drug enzyme L-asparaginase is highly sought for its potential in treating various solid tumors; as well as its application in food production …
PHF5, a poly-herbal formulation with antidiabetic potential: in vitro and in silico investigation on HepG2 Cells via PKB/Akt and AMPK pathways
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Simeon Ikechukwu Egba, Gavin Chibundu Ikechukwu, Humphrey Chukwudi Omeoga
Abstract Background Amidst the rising global prevalence of diabetes, exploring novel anti-diabetic agents remains a crucial endeavor. This study investigated the biochemical mechanism of action …