Emergomyces: The global rise of new dimorphic fungal pathogens

Unknown until recently, the genus Emergomyces is composed of dimorphic fungi with human pathogenic potential.Five described species have been implicated as causes of disease in immunocompromised persons on at least 4 continents.In some regions, such as southern Africa, this disease, emergomycosis, is now the most commonly diagnosed dimorphic fungal infection.Herein, we review the history of these fungi, clinical features and pathogenesis of disease, what is known of their biology, and future research directions.