The implication of autoantibodies in early diagnosis and monitoring of plasmonic photothermal therapy in the treatment of feline mammary carcinoma

Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) shows great similarities to human breast cancer in the cellular and molecular levels. So, in cats as in humans, the role of immune responses is indicated to detect and follow up the development of tumors. As a new breast cancer therapeutic approach, Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy (PPTT) is an effective localized treatment for canine and feline mammary-carcinoma. Its systemic effect has not been inquired yet and needs many studies to hypothesis how the PPTT eradicates tumor cells. In this study, it is the first time to detect (P53, PCNA, MUC-1, and C-MYC) feline autoantibodies (AAbs), study the relationship between PCNA AAbs and mammary-tumors, and investigate the effect of PPTT on the humoral immune response of cats with mammary-carcinoma through detection of AAbs level before, during, and after the treatment. The four-AAbs panel was evaluated in serum of normal and clinically diagnosed cats with mammary tumors using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The panel showed 100% specificity and 93.7% sensitivity to mammary tumors. The panel was evaluated in PPTT monotherapy, mastectomy monotherapy, and combination therapy. PPTT monotherapy decreased AAbs level significantly while mastectomy monotherapy and combination therapy had a nonsignificant effect on AAbs level.