Adaptation of Azawak cattle in northern Benin

Abstract In an effort to improve national meat and milk production, the Benin government imported Azawak zebus from Niger. The aim of the study is to assess the adaptation of these cattle in the northern area of Benin. Data on breeding techniques were collected in the departments of Borgou, Alibori and Donga on Azawak cattle introduced to 18 farms to improve the productivity of local breeds by crossbreeding. Based on the resistance level of the Azawak, the breeders were classified into three groups. In group 1, very few pathologies have been reported and the animals have the same resistance as local breeds despite the lack of breeding infrastructure among breeders in this group. Animals in this group spend the night in the open air and crop residues are used more than concentrates in their diets. In group 3, Azawak are generally less resistant than local breeds and nevertheless have acceptable resistance to disease. However, breeders in this group have livestock infrastructure, artificial pastures and they use food supplements. Group 2 breeders have intermediate characteristics between group 1 and group 3. Azawak Cows produce on average 3.8 liters of milk per day. Generally, Azawak cattle have adapted in the northern part of Benin.