Estimating rates of treatment delay for malaria fevers among children in Sub-Saharan Africa 2006–2022
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Jailos Lubinda, Susan F. Rumisha, Paulina A. Dzianach
Late diagnosis and treatment of malaria increase the odds of severe disease by nearly 2.8 times, enhance transmission rates, compromise drug effectiveness, and trigger malaria …
Adaptive identity-regularized generative adversarial networks with species-specific loss functions for enhanced fish classification and segmentation through data augmentation
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Hanaa Salem, Moatasem M. Draz, Waleed Abd Elkhalik
Traditional fish classification systems suffer from limited training data and imbalanced datasets, particularly for rare or morphologically complex species. This paper presents a novel Generative …
Whole genome sequencing analysis of antibiotic resistant genes of Shigella species: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Basha Ayele, Getenet Beyene, Zeleke Mekonnen
BACKGROUND: In developing nations, Shigella species are the leading cause of epidemic dysentery, especially among children under five. Antibiotic resistance has spread quickly among Shigella …
The influence of thirty-degree leg elevation on noradrenaline requirements administered as a prophylactic variable infusion during cesarean delivery, an open-label randomized controlled trial
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Mina Adolf Helmy, Nader N Naguib, Kerlous Adolf Helmy
BACKGROUND: Spinal anesthesia is the preferred technique for elective cesarean delivery; however, it is frequently associated with spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension. To mitigate this, prophylactic vasopressors …
Global applications of stable isotopes for identifying nitrate pollution sources in groundwater: a comprehensive review
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Ahmed Mahmoud Ahmed Oubeid, Ismail Hilal, Aminetou KEBD
As a critical resource for both livelihoods and economic progress, groundwater is increasingly endangered by nitrate contamination stemming from intensive agriculture, landfill leachates, wastewater effluents, …
Prevalence and correlates of anxiety and depressive symptoms among adolescents aged 10–19 years in six sub-Saharan African countries, China and India: A cross-sectional study
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Shraddha Bajaria, Innocent Yusufu, Innocent B. Mboya
Although adolescence (10-19 years) signifies a vulnerable phase for the onset of depression and anxiety, research on the symptoms of these mental health conditions is …
First field evaluation of novel LDH- and HRP2-based rapid tests for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnosis
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Colins O. Oduma, Birhanu Lulu, Yalemwork Ewnetu
BACKGROUND: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are crucial for malaria diagnosis. Where Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are co-endemic, and where P. falciparum hrp2/3 deletions are …
Predicting food prices in Kenya using machine learning: a hybrid model approach with XGBoost and gradient boosting
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Benard O. Ogol, Evans Otieno Omondi, John Olukuru
Introduction: Food price volatility continues to be a significant concern in Kenya's economic development, posing challenges to the country's economic stability. Methodology: This study examines …
Green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles using Echinops spinosus extract: A promising anticancer agent for hepatocellular carcinoma
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Rabab S. Hamad, Mohammed Ahmed Ali Elshaer, Hesham A. El‐Mahdy
The environmentally sustainable synthesis of nanoparticles has arisen as a viable alternative to traditional methods, tackling ecological and economic issues. This research investigates the green …
Advancing sustainable supply chain management through digitalisation: Insights from the South African automotive industry
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Megan Kirsten, Simelwe Mthethwa, Thuli Sitsha
Background: Automotive manufacturing organisations are major contributors to carbon emissions, creating social, environmental and economic challenges. Adopting holistic sustainability can provide a competitive advantage. In …
“Crises are a perpetual restart”—A comparative analysis of maternal and newborn health political prioritization across four fragile and conflict affected settings
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Mamothena Carol Mothupi, Teresia Macharia, Katja Starc Card
Fragile settings account for the highest burden of maternal and neonatal mortality in the world. Although policies and strategies for intervention exist, there are gaps …
Are malaria rapid diagnostic test results stable over time to support verification of surveillance data?
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Corine Ngufor, Kim A. Lindblade, Sunday Atobatele
BACKGROUND: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have improved malaria case management by enabling point-of-care confirmation of infection, particularly in low-resource settings. In addition to clinical use, …
Digital empowerment of women in the South African public sector
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Elvin Shava, Tigere Paidamoyo Muringa
Introduction: The digital empowerment of women in the South African public sector presents a strategic opportunity to enhance women's technical competencies and boost their confidence …
Electrooxidation of dopamine using MoS2-Ag conductive ink on screen-printed electrodes for electrochemical sensing
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Ntsoaki Mphuthi, Lucky Mashudu Sikwhivhilu, Suprakas Sinha Ray
Abnormal dopamine (DA) levels in the human body are associated with severe health conditions, making their accurate detection crucial for early diagnosis and monitoring. Therefore, …
Risk factors for angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor angioedema in a South African population
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Cascia Day, Lovemore Mapahla, Melissa Ribeiro
Introduction Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) have proven mortality and morbidity benefit in hypertension, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and renal disease and are among …
Driving sustainability in tea farming: insights on organo-mineral fertilizers
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Braison Ernest Mjanja, Mawazo Jamson Shitindi, Boniface H. J. Massawe
Tea (Camellia sinensis L. O. Kuntze) is a globally important crop, yet its sustainability is threatened by nutrient depletion, acidic soils, and heavy reliance on …
Role of policies and institutional frameworks in sustaining conservation agriculture: a critical review of Pfumvudza/Intwasa programme in Zimbabwe
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Sipho Dube, Munyaradzi Chitakira
Abstract Background Conservation agriculture has emerged as a critical strategy for enhancing agricultural productivity, resilience, and food security amidst climate variability in Sub-Saharan Africa. The …
Assessing the potential utility of large language models for assisting community health workers: protocol for a prospective, observational study in Rwanda
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Vaishnavi Menon, Natnael Shimelash, Samuel Rutunda
INTRODUCTION: Community health workers (CHWs) are critical to healthcare delivery in low-resource settings but often lack formal clinical training, limiting their decision-making. Large language models …
Dietary modulation of gut microbiota and functional enzymes in savannah honey bees (Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier)
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Nolwandle N. Khumalo, Linda U. Obi, Abdullahi A. Yusuf
Honey bees gather pollen from flowering plants, using it as a vital protein source and, in turn, acquire pollen-associated microbes that interact with their existing …
Automated detection of pinworm parasite eggs using YOLO convolutional block attention module for enhanced microscopic image analysis
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Esraa Hassan, Felwah Alqahtani, Samar Elbedwehy
Introduction: Parasitic infections remain a major public health concern, particularly in healthcare and community settings where rapid and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment …